What are ecosystem services?

Ecosystem services refer to the wide range of benefits that humans derive from natural ecosystems. This concept encompasses various functions and processes that contribute to human well-being, such as clean water provision, pollination of crops, climate regulation, and recreational opportunities. These services enhance quality of life and support economic activities, making them essential for sustainability and human health.

In contrast, natural resources sold in markets do not encompass the full breadth of benefits provided by ecosystems, as they focus primarily on tangible goods rather than the supporting, regulating, and cultural services that various ecosystems provide. Additionally, while policies related to wildlife protection are important for conserving biodiversity, they do not define ecosystem services themselves. Scientific theories explaining ecosystem dynamics, although relevant for understanding how ecosystems function, do not capture the actual benefits that these systems offer to humanity. Thus, the definition of ecosystem services as the benefits humans receive from ecosystems accurately reflects their critical value in supporting life and economic systems.