What is an outcome of increased biodiversity?

Increased biodiversity leads to a higher productivity and resilience of ecosystems. When an ecosystem has a diverse array of species, it can utilize resources more efficiently, such as nutrient uptake, light absorption, and water usage. This diversity allows for complementary interactions among species, where different organisms can fulfill various roles and functions, contributing to overall ecosystem health.

Moreover, ecosystems with high biodiversity are often better equipped to withstand environmental stressors, including climate change, pollution, and invasive species. A diverse set of species provides a greater chance that at least some will thrive under changing conditions, thus maintaining overall ecosystem functionality. This resilience is particularly important in adapting to disturbances and recovering from them.

The other options present scenarios that contradict the benefits associated with biodiversity. Higher productivity and resilience enhance ecosystem stability, whereas reduced availability of natural resources, increased vulnerability to disease, and overall reductions in stability often occur in ecosystems with lower biodiversity. Thus, the role of biodiversity is pivotal in sustaining healthy ecosystems.